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What are gas fees Gas fees are the cost of executing operations on a blockchain. Every on-chain action — sending tokens, calling a smart contract, deploying code, recording data — requires computational work from the network's validators. Gas is the unit that ...

What is a blockchain explorer A blockchain explorer is a web-based tool that indexes, organizes, and displays the data recorded on a blockchain in a human-readable format. It acts as a search engine for on-chain data — allowing anyone to look up transactions, ...

What is a dApp A dApp (decentralized application) is software that interacts with a blockchain through smart contracts instead of relying entirely on a traditional centralized server. Unlike conventional applications where a single company controls the backend...

What is an NFT NFT (Non-Fungible Token) is a unique digital token recorded on a blockchain that represents ownership of or a verifiable link to a specific item -- whether a digital image, a piece of music, a domain name, a game asset, an access credential, or ...

What is DeFi DeFi (decentralized finance) is a category of financial applications built on blockchain networks that provide services — lending, borrowing, trading, saving, insurance — without traditional financial intermediaries like banks, brokerages, or clea...

What is a DEX DEX (Decentralized Exchange) is an on-chain application that enables users to swap tokens directly through smart contracts, without depositing funds into a centralized intermediary. Unlike a traditional exchange where users trust a company to hol...

What is Infra in crypto Infra (infrastructure) in the crypto and blockchain context refers to the foundational layer of protocols, networks, tools, and services that other applications and protocols are built on top of. Infrastructure does not serve end users ...

What is DePIN DePIN (Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks) describes blockchain protocols that coordinate real-world physical resources -- compute hardware, storage devices, wireless hotspots, sensors, energy systems, bandwidth capacity -- through to...

What is RWA RWA (Real-World Assets) in the crypto context refers to the practice of representing ownership or claims on physical and traditional financial assets -- real estate, bonds, commodities, receivables, intellectual property, art, carbon credits, and o...

What is a meme token and meme category Meme in crypto refers to two related but distinct things: a category that groups projects around internet culture, virality, and community-driven narratives, and a type of token — the meme token — whose primary value prop...

What is SocialFi SocialFi (Social Finance) is a crypto domain that combines social media mechanics with decentralized finance. SocialFi platforms let users own their social identity, monetize content and influence directly through tokens, and participate in co...

What is PayFi PayFi (Payment Finance) is a crypto domain that merges payment infrastructure with decentralized finance. PayFi projects build systems where payments, settlements, and financial transfers happen on-chain — using stablecoins, programmable money, a...

What is DeSci DeSci (Decentralized Science) is a crypto domain that applies blockchain tools — token incentives, DAOs, smart contracts, and decentralized storage — to scientific research processes. DeSci projects aim to address structural problems in tradition...

What is Gaming in crypto Gaming in crypto refers to blockchain-based games and gaming platforms — projects that combine interactive entertainment with on-chain mechanics such as tokenized assets, verifiable ownership, play-to-earn models, or decentralized game...

What is consumer crypto Consumer crypto refers to blockchain-based applications designed for end users rather than developers, institutions, or infrastructure operators. Consumer crypto products are the apps people actually interact with — wallets, social plat...

What is a blockchain network A blockchain network is a distributed system of computers (nodes) that collectively maintain a shared, tamper-resistant ledger of transactions. Each node holds a copy of the ledger, and the network uses a consensus mechanism to agr...

What is Ethereum Ethereum is a decentralized, open-source blockchain platform that enables developers to build and deploy smart contracts and decentralized applications (dApps). Launched in 2015, Ethereum introduced the concept of a programmable blockchain — a...

What is Solana Solana is a high-throughput Layer 1 blockchain designed for speed and low transaction costs. Launched in 2020, Solana takes a fundamentally different architectural approach from Ethereum: instead of relying on the EVM and sequential transaction ...